MYP 1 Mathematics · Data and Probability

Probability vocabulary

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What Is Probability?

Have you ever wondered how likely it is that it will rain tomorrow, or what your chances are of rolling a six on a die? That's exactly what probability is all about!

Probability

Probability is a measure of how likely an event is to happen. It is expressed as a number between 0 and 1 (or as a percentage between 0% and 100%).

Probability helps us make sense of uncertainty. We use it in science when we predict experimental outcomes, in medicine when we assess risks, and in everyday life when we decide whether to bring an umbrella!

Analogy

Think of probability like a weather forecast. When the weather app says there's a 70% chance of rain, it's telling you that rain is likely but not certain. Probability gives us a way to put a number on that feeling of "how sure are we?"

The Probability Scale

Probability is measured on a scale from 0 to 1 (or equivalently, 0% to 100%).

  • A probability of 0 (or 0%) means the event is impossible — it will never happen.
  • A probability of 1 (or 100%) means the event is certain — it will definitely happen.
  • A probability of 0.5 (or 50%) means the event is even chance — it is equally likely to happen or not happen.

Here's how the scale works:

Probability ValueWord Description
0Impossible
0.1 – 0.2Very unlikely
0.3 – 0.4Unlikely
0.5Even chance
0.6 – 0.7Likely
0.8 – 0.9Very likely
1Certain
Exam Tip

A quick way to remember: 0 = no way, 0.5 = maybe, 1 = for sure!

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