MYP 3 Language and Literature · The Future is Now: Ethics and Innovation

Consequences and cause chains

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  1. Question 1

    A character steals money to feed a sibling, is never caught, but privately feels increasingly ashamed each time he passes the shop he stole from. Which term best describes this shame?
    No clue? Show me the answer
    Correct answerCorrect!Incorrect
    AAn internal consequence, since it is a private emotional response rather than an external event

    Step-by-step walkthrough

    Choose a solution method

    Method #1Direct reasoning

    Step 1: Locate the outcome

    The outcome described is shame, a feeling the character carries privately, not something imposed by another person or institution.

    Step 2: Apply the internal/external distinction

    The content distinguishes external consequences like punishment or lost friendship from internal ones like guilt or a changed sense of self.

    Step 3: Match shame to the category

    Shame is a changed sense of self experienced privately, which fits squarely within the internal consequence category.

    Step 4: Confirm the answer

    Since the shame arises from the character's own conscience rather than an outside event, it is an internal consequence.

    Method #2Process of elimination

    Step 1: Rule out immediate

    The shame grows over repeated passes by the shop, so it is not something that happened right at the moment of the theft.

    Step 2: Rule out unintended

    Whether the character expected the guilt is not stated, and feeling shame after wrongdoing is common enough not to be automatically unintended.

    Step 3: Rule out external

    External consequences depend on other people or institutions responding, but nobody catches or confronts the character here.

    Step 4: Confirm internal

    The private, self-generated nature of the shame makes internal consequence the only accurate label.

  2. Question 2

    In a novel, a character lies to protect a friend from blame. Weeks later, the lie is uncovered and the friendship ends. Which pairing correctly identifies the immediate and delayed consequences of the lie?
    No clue? Show me the answer
    Correct answerCorrect!Incorrect
    BImmediate: the friend avoids blame right away; delayed: the friendship ends weeks later when discovered

    Step-by-step walkthrough

    Choose a solution method

    Method #1Direct reasoning

    Step 1: Define the two terms

    Immediate consequences happen right away, while delayed consequences unfold much later, as the content explains.

    Step 2: Map the timeline of events

    The friend avoiding blame happens the moment the lie is told, while the friendship ending happens weeks later once discovered.

    Step 3: Assign each event correctly

    The avoided blame is the quick effect and the ended friendship is the effect that unfolds after a delay.

    Step 4: Confirm the pairing

    Only the choice “Immediate: the friend avoids blame right away; delayed: the friendship ends weeks later when discovered” places the right event at the right point on the timeline, matching immediate to now and delayed to later.

    Method #2Process of elimination

    Step 1: Rule out reversed timeline

    Saying the friendship ends immediately and guilt appears years later contradicts the stated timeline of weeks, not years.

    Step 2: Rule out swapped labels

    Calling the lie's discovery immediate reverses the order, since the discovery is explicitly described as happening weeks later.

    Step 3: Rule out invented detail

    Instant relief and permanent blame avoidance are not described in the scenario and misrepresent the delayed ending.

    Step 4: Confirm correct order

    Only the first option accurately places avoided blame as immediate and the ended friendship as delayed.

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